Ibicuruzwa

  • 303 icyuma kitagira umuyonga 303 icyuma kibisi

    303 icyuma kitagira umuyonga 303 icyuma kibisi

    Surface irangiza 303 nicyuma gikata kubusa ibyuma birimo sulfure na seleniyumu, kubisabwa aho gukenera kubuntu bisabwa mbere na mbere kurangiza ni hejuru.303 ibyuma bidafite ingese bitezimbere gukata no guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Byinshi bikwiranye nubwiherero bwikora, bolts na nuts.
  • 201 Isahani idafite ibyuma 201 isahani idafite ibyuma

    201 Isahani idafite ibyuma 201 isahani idafite ibyuma

    201 ibyuma bidafite ingese hamwe, gusiga nta bububi, nta pinhole nibindi biranga, ni umusaruro wimanza zitandukanye, umuzingo wo hasi ukingiriza ibikoresho byiza.

  • S630 icyuma kidafite ingese

    S630 icyuma kidafite ingese

    Isahani idafite ibyuma ifite ubuso bworoshye, plastike nyinshi, ubukana nimbaraga za mashini, kandi irwanya kwangirika kwa aside, gaze ya alkaline, igisubizo nibindi bitangazamakuru.Nubwoko bwibyuma byoroshye bitoroshye kubora, ariko ntabwo ari ingese rwose.Isahani idafite ibyuma bivuga isahani yicyuma irwanya kwangirika kwibitangazamakuru bidakomeye nkikirere, umwuka n’amazi, naho icyuma cyangiza aside bivuga icyuma cyihanganira kwangirika kwitangazamakuru ryangiza imiti nka aside, alkali n'umunyu.Isahani idafite ibyuma ifite amateka arenga ikinyejana kuva yasohotse mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20.

  • 430 icyuma kidafite ibyuma 430 icyuma kitagira ingese

    430 icyuma kidafite ibyuma 430 icyuma kitagira ingese

    Isahani idafite ibyuma ifite ubuso bworoshye, plastike nyinshi, ubukana nimbaraga za mashini, kandi irwanya kwangirika kwa aside, gaze ya alkaline, igisubizo nibindi bitangazamakuru.Nubwoko bwibyuma byoroshye bitoroshye kubora, ariko ntabwo ari ingese rwose.Isahani idafite ibyuma bivuga isahani yicyuma irwanya kwangirika kwibitangazamakuru bidakomeye nkikirere, umwuka n’amazi, naho icyuma cyangiza aside bivuga icyuma cyihanganira kwangirika kwitangazamakuru ryangiza imiti nka aside, alkali n'umunyu.Isahani idafite ibyuma ifite amateka arenga ikinyejana kuva yasohotse mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20.

  • 42crmo Umuyoboro udafite ibyuma

    42crmo Umuyoboro udafite ibyuma

    Ibisobanuro ku musaruro:

    Diameter yo hanze y'umuyoboro w'icyuma 20-426

    Urukuta rw'icyuma rufite uburebure bwa 20-426

    Kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa:

    Intego ya 42crmo idafite umuyoboro wicyuma: ibyuma bidasanzwe byikiraro ni "42crmo", ibyuma bidasanzwe byo gukingira imodoka ni "42CRmo", ibyuma bidasanzwe byubwato ni "42Crmo".Ubu bwoko bwibyuma nugushingira kumahinduka ya karubone (C) kugirango tunoze imiterere yubukanishi bwibyuma, kubwibyo, ukurikije ibirimo bya karubone biri hejuru kandi biri hasi, ubu bwoko bwibyuma bushobora kugabanywamo: ibyuma bya karubone bike - karubone ibirimo muri rusange biri munsi ya 0,25%, nka 10, 20 ibyuma, nibindi.;Icyuma giciriritse giciriritse - ibirimo karubone muri rusange biri hagati ya 0,25 ~ 0,60%, nka 35, 45 ibyuma, nibindi.Ibyuma nkibi ntibisanzwe bikoreshwa mugukora imiyoboro yicyuma.

    Ibisobanuro birambuye:

    Ibisobanuro bishyushye byo gukora

    Ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya 1150 ~ 1200 ° C, gutangira ubushyuhe 1130 ~ 1180 ° C, ubushyuhe bwanyuma> 850 ° C, φ> 50mm, gukonja buhoro.

    Guhindura ibisobanuro

    Ubusanzwe ubushyuhe 850 ~ 900 ° C, bivuye mu ziko imbeho ikonje.

    Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burambuye

    Ubushyuhe bukabije 680 ~ 700 ° C, bivuye mu ziko imbeho ikonje.

    Ibisobanuro byo kuzimya no kurakara

    Gushyushya ubushyuhe 680 ~ 700 ° C, kuzimya ubushyuhe 840 ~ 880 ° C, gukonjesha amavuta, ubushyuhe bwa 580 ° C, gukonjesha amazi cyangwa gukonjesha amavuta, ubukana ≤217HBW.

    Ibisobanuro byo gukomera no gukomera munsi - kuzimya ubushyuhe

    Kuzimya ubushyuhe 900 ° C, ubushyuhe 560 ° C, ubukana (37 ± 1) HRC

    Ibisobanuro bya induction gukomera no kurakara

    Kuzimya ubushyuhe 900 ° C, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru 150 ~ 180 ° C, ubukana 54 ~ 60HRC.

  • 45 # Umuyoboro udafite icyuma

    45 # Umuyoboro udafite icyuma

    Ibisobanuro ku musaruro:

    Diameter yo hanze y'umuyoboro w'icyuma 20-426

    Urukuta rw'icyuma rufite uburebure bwa 20-426

    Kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa:

    Ibikoresho fatizo bizunguruka bitagira umupaka ni uruziga ruzengurutse, urusoro ruzengurutse urusoro rucibwa kandi rutunganywa hakoreshejwe imashini ikata imikurire ya metero 1 yubusa, ikoherezwa mu itanura no gushyushya umukandara.Fagitire igaburirwa mu itanura kandi igashyuha kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 1200.Amavuta ni hydrogen cyangwa acetylene.Kugenzura ubushyuhe mu itanura nikibazo cyingenzi.Nyuma yo kuzenguruka umuyoboro wa billet usohotse, isobekeranye nigitutu.Mubisanzwe, perforator ikunze kugaragara ni conical roll perforator.Ubu bwoko bwa perforator bufite umusaruro mwinshi, ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, diameter nini ya perfora kandi irashobora kwambara ibyuma bitandukanye.Nyuma yo gutobora, bilet izenguruka izunguruka ikurikiranye na diagonal eshatu ndende, ikomeza kuzunguruka cyangwa gusohora.Nyuma yo gukuramo, umuyoboro ugomba gukurwaho kugirango ubunini.Caliper izunguruka mu isoro ry'icyuma binyuze mu myitozo ya conique ku muvuduko mwinshi kugira ngo ikubite umwobo kandi ikore imiyoboro y'ibyuma.Diameter y'imbere y'umuyoboro w'icyuma ugenwa n'uburebure bwa diameter yo hanze ya Caliper drill bit.Nyuma yo gupima umuyoboro wibyuma, winjira muminara ikonjesha hanyuma ukonjeshwa no gutera amazi.Nyuma yo gukonjesha umuyoboro wibyuma, bizagororwa.Nyuma yo kugorora, umuyoboro wibyuma woherezwa numukandara wa convoyeur kumashini igenzura ibyuma (cyangwa ikizamini cya hydraulic) kugirango igenzurwe imbere.Niba hari ibice, ibituba nibindi bibazo imbere yumuyoboro wibyuma, bizamenyekana.Kugenzura ubuziranenge bwicyuma nyuma yo gutoranya intoki.Umuyoboro wibyuma umaze kugenzurwa, umubare, ibisobanuro hamwe numubare wibyakozwe byatewe irangi.Na crane mu bubiko.

  • 40cr umuyoboro wicyuma

    40cr umuyoboro wicyuma

    Ibisobanuro ku musaruro:

    Diameter yo hanze y'umuyoboro w'icyuma 20-426

    Urukuta rw'icyuma rufite uburebure bwa 20-426

    Umuyoboro w'icyuma:

    Ukurikije GB / T 3077-2008: ibigize imiti (igice kinini,%) C 0.37 ~ 0.44, Si 0.17 ~ 0.37, Mn 0.50 ~ 0.80, Cr0.80 ~ 1.10, Ni≤0.30.Properties Ibikoresho bya mashini】

    Ingero yubusa (mm): 25

    Kuvura ubushyuhe:

    Kuzimya ubushyuhe bwa mbere (℃): 850;Coolant: Amavuta

    Ubushyuhe bwa kabiri bwo kuzimya ubushyuhe (℃): -

    Ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya ubushyuhe (℃): 520;Coolant: amazi, amavuta

    Imbaraga zingana (σb / MPa): ≧ 980

    Gutanga umusaruro (σs / MPa): ≧ 785

    Kurambura nyuma yo kumena (δ5 /%): ≧ 9

    Igipimo cyo kugabanya ibice (ψ /%): ≧ 45

    Igikorwa cyo gukuramo ingaruka (Aku2 / J): ≧ 47

    Gukomera kwa Brinell (HBS100 / 3000) (imiterere yubushyuhe bwo hejuru): ≦ 207

  • 20 # Umuyoboro udafite icyuma

    20 # Umuyoboro udafite icyuma

    Ibisobanuro ku musaruro :

    Diameter yo hanze y'umuyoboro w'icyuma 20-426

    Urukuta rw'icyuma rufite uburebure bwa 20-426

    20 # umuyoboro wicyuma udafite icyerekezo gikozwe muri 20 # ibyuma, bifite imbaraga zisumba gato 15 #, ntibikunze kuzimya kandi nta n'ubushyuhe bukabije.Ubukonje bwo guhindura ubukonje buri hejuru, muri rusange kubunama, kalendari, kunama no gutunganya inyundo, imikorere yo gusudira yo gusudira arc no gusudira ni byiza, ubunini bwo gusudira gazi ni buto, imiterere y'ibisabwa bikomeye cyangwa imiterere igoye y'akazi biroroshye gucika .Imashini ikonje ishushanya cyangwa ibisanzwe leta iruta annealing leta, mubisanzwe ikoreshwa mugukora stress nke hamwe nuburemere bukabije bwibikorwa byakazi.

    Ibikoresho bya 20 # ibyuma bidafite icyuma ni: ibyuma byiza bya karubone byubaka

    Umubare wikirango: 20 #

    Bisanzwe: GB8162-2018

    GB / T8163-2018

    GB3087-2008

    GB9948-2013

    GB5310-2017

  • Umuyoboro w'icyuma utagira umuyonga

    Umuyoboro w'icyuma utagira umuyonga

    Umuyoboro wo gushushanya ibyuma bitagira umuyonga nanone witwa umuyoboro wicyuma usudira wicyuma, bita umuyoboro welded mugihe gito.Mubisanzwe, ibyuma cyangwa ibyuma bisudira mumiyoboro yicyuma nyuma yo guhonyora no gukorwa nigice hamwe.Igikorwa cyo gukora umuyoboro wicyuma gisudira kiroroshye, umusaruro urakomeye ni mwinshi, hariho ubwoko bwinshi nibisobanuro, kandi igiciro cyibikoresho ni gito, ariko imbaraga rusange ziri munsi yicy'umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite kashe.

     

    Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwimiyoboro idafite ibyuma, ariko ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bikurikira:

    1Gutondekanya imiyoboro idafite ibyuma

    1. Gutondekanya muburyo bwo gukora:

    .

    (2) Umuyoboro usudira:

    .

    .

    2. Gutondekanya ukurikije imiterere yibice: (1) umuyoboro w'icyuma kizunguruka;(2) Umuyoboro urukiramende.

    3. Gutondekanya uburebure bwurukuta - umuyoboro muto wicyuma, umuyoboro wibyuma

    4. Itondekanya gukoreshwa: (1) Imiyoboro ya gisivili igabanijwemo imiyoboro izengurutse, imiyoboro y'urukiramende hamwe n'indabyo z'indabyo, zikoreshwa muri rusange mu gushariza, kubaka, imiterere, n'ibindi;

    . , nka peteroli, impapuro, ingufu za kirimbuzi, ibiryo, ibinyobwa, ubuvuzi nizindi nganda zikenewe cyane mumazi meza.

    2Umuyoboro w'icyuma

    Umuyoboro udafite ingese ni ubwoko bwibyuma birebire kandi bidafite aho bihurira.

    1. Uburyo bwo gukora no gutembera kwicyuma kitagira icyuma:

    Guconga

    2. Ibiranga imiyoboro idafite ibyuma:

    Ntabwo bigoye kubona uhereye kubikorwa byavuzwe haruguru: icya mbere, umubyimba wurukuta rwibicuruzwa, niko bizaba ubukungu kandi bifatika.Ubunini bwurukuta ruto, nigiciro cyo gutunganya kizaba kinini;Icya kabiri, inzira y'ibicuruzwa igena aho igarukira.Mubisanzwe, ubusobanuro bwumuyoboro wibyuma bidafite kashe ni buke: uburebure bwurukuta rutaringaniye, umucyo muke wubuso bwimbere imbere no hanze yumuyoboro, igiciro kinini, kandi hariho ibyobo nibibara byirabura hejuru yimbere no hanze yumuyoboro, bigoye kubikora gukuraho;Icya gatatu, gutahura no gushiraho bigomba gutunganywa kumurongo.Kubwibyo, ifite ibyiza byayo mumuvuduko mwinshi, imbaraga nyinshi nibikoresho byububiko.

    3Umuyoboro w'icyuma

    304 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga

    304 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga

    Umuyoboro w'icyuma usudira, witwa umuyoboro wo gusudira mugihe gito, ni umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite ingese usudira mu cyuma cyangwa ku cyuma nyuma yo kumenagura ugakorwa n'imashini yashizweho kandi ikabumba.

    1. Isahani yicyuma> Gutandukana> Gukora> gusudira Fusion> Kwinjiza ubushyuhe bwumuriro> Kuvura amasaro yo mu gihugu imbere no hanze> Shaping> Sizing> Ikizamini cya Eddy kigezweho> Gupima diameter ya Laser> Gutoragura> Ububiko

    2. Ibiranga umuyoboro w'icyuma usudira:

    Ntabwo bigoye kubona uhereye kumurongo wavuzwe haruguru: icya mbere, ibicuruzwa bikomeza gukorwa kumurongo no kumurongo.Umubyimba mwinshi wurukuta, niko ishoramari ryinshi murwego rwo gusudira, hamwe nubukungu buke kandi bufatika.Urukuta ruto, urukuta rwo kwinjiza-ibisohoka bizaba;Icya kabiri, inzira yibicuruzwa igena ibyiza byayo nibibi.Mubisanzwe, umuyoboro wicyuma usudira ufite uburebure buhanitse, uburebure bwurukuta rumwe, uburebure bwimbere bwimbere ninyuma bwumucyo wibyuma bitagira umuyonga (umuyoboro wicyuma wicyuma ugenwa nicyiciro cyo hejuru cyicyuma), kandi urashobora kuba munini uko bishakiye.Kubwibyo, ikubiyemo ubukungu bwayo nubwiza bwayo mugukoresha ibintu bisobanutse neza, biciriritse-bito byamazi.

     

    Hano hari ion ya chlorine mukoresha ibidukikije.Iyoni ya Chlorine ibaho cyane, nk'umunyu, ibyuya, amazi yo mu nyanja, umuyaga wo mu nyanja, ubutaka, n'ibindi.Kubwibyo, hari ibisabwa kugirango ukoreshe ibidukikije byuma bidafite ingese, kandi birakenewe kohanagura buri gihe kugirango ukureho umukungugu kandi ugumane isuku kandi wumye.

    316 na 317 ibyuma bidafite ingese (reba hepfo kumiterere yibyuma 317 bidafite ingese) ni molybdenum irimo ibyuma bitagira umwanda.Molybdenum iri muri 317 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga birarenze gato ugereranije nibyuma 316.Kubera molybdenum mubyuma, imikorere rusange yibi byuma iruta 310 na 304 ibyuma bitagira umwanda.Mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, iyo kwibumbira hamwe kwa acide sulfurike iri munsi ya 15% kandi hejuru ya 85%, ibyuma 316 bidafite ingese bifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha.316 ibyuma bidafite ingese nabyo bifite chloride nziza yo kurwanya ruswa, bityo ikoreshwa mubidukikije byo mu nyanja.Hamwe niterambere ryubukungu bwimibereho, ikoreshwa ryumuyoboro wibyuma nawo wamenyekanye cyane.Bizazana impinduka nshya mubice byose.

  • 316 umuyoboro w'icyuma

    316 umuyoboro w'icyuma

    Ibyuma bikoreshwa muri peteroli, imiti, ubuvuzi, ibiryo ninganda zoroheje

    316 umuyoboro wibyuma ni ubwoko bwibyuma birebire, bikoreshwa cyane mumavuta, imiti, ubuvuzi, ibiryo, inganda zoroheje, ibikoresho bya mashini nibindi bikoresho byohereza inganda hamwe nibikoresho byubaka.Mubyongeyeho, iyo imbaraga zunamye hamwe na torsional ari zimwe, uburemere buba bworoshye, kuburyo bukoreshwa cyane mugukora ibice byubukanishi nubwubatsi.Irakoreshwa kandi muburyo bwo gukora intwaro zitandukanye zisanzwe, ingunguru, ibisasu, nibindi.

    Carbone ntarengwa ya 316 umuyoboro wibyuma ni 0.03, irashobora gukoreshwa mubisabwa aho annealing itemewe nyuma yo gusudira kandi birasabwa kurwanya ruswa.

    316 na 317 ibyuma bidafite ingese (reba hepfo kumiterere yibyuma 317 bidafite ingese) ni molybdenum irimo ibyuma bitagira umwanda.

    Imikorere rusange yibi byuma iruta 310 na 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese.Ku bushyuhe bwinshi, iyo kwibumbira hamwe kwa acide sulfurique biri munsi ya 15% no hejuru ya 85%, ibyuma 316 bidafite ingese bifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha.

    316 isahani idafite ibyuma, izwi kandi nka 00Cr17Ni14Mo2, irwanya ruswa:

    Kurwanya ruswa biruta 304 ibyuma bitagira umwanda, kandi bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa muburyo bwo gukora impapuro nimpapuro.

    Kurwanya imvura ya karbide ya 316 ibyuma bitagira umwanda biruta iby'ibyuma 304 bidafite ingese, kandi ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burashobora gukoreshwa.

     Ubwoko butandukanye: 316 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, 316 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, 316 ibyuma bitatse ibyuma, 316 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, 316 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, 316 ibyuma bidafite ingese, 304.

    Carbone ntarengwa ya 316L umuyoboro wibyuma ni 0.03, irashobora gukoreshwa mubisabwa aho annealing itemewe nyuma yo gusudira kandi birasabwa kurwanya ruswa.

    5 Kurwanya ruswa

    11 316 ibyuma bidafite ingese ntibishobora gukomera no gushyuha cyane.

    12 Gusudira

    13 Imikoreshereze isanzwe: ibikoresho byo gukora impapuro nimpapuro, guhinduranya ubushyuhe, ibikoresho byo gusiga amarangi, ibikoresho byo gutunganya firime, imiyoboro, ibikoresho byo hanze yinyubako mubice byinyanja

  • 304 umuyoboro w'icyuma

    304 umuyoboro w'icyuma

    Gutanga imbaraga (N / mm2)205

    Imbaraga520

    Kurambura (%)40

    Gukomera HB187 HRB90 HV200

    Ubucucike 7.93 g· cm-3

    Ubushyuhe bwihariye c (20) 0.502 J.· (g · C) - 1

    Amashanyaraziλ/ W (m· ℃) - 1 (ku bushyuhe bukurikira /)

    20 100 500 12.1 16.3 21.4

    Coefficient yo kwagura umurongoα/ (10-6 /) (hagati yubushyuhe bukurikira /)

    2010020200 20300 20400

    16.0 16.8 17.5 18.1

    Kurwanya 0.73Ω ·mm2· m-1

    Gushonga ingingo 1398 ~ 1420

     Nka cyuma kandi kitarwanya ubushyuhe, umuyoboro wibyuma 304 nibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mubiribwa, ibikoresho rusange byimiti ninganda za atome.

    304 Umuyoboro wibyuma nubwoko bwumuyoboro wibyuma rusange, bikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibikoresho nibice bisaba imikorere myiza yuzuye (kurwanya ruswa no guhinduka).

    304 Umuyoboro wibyuma ufite ingese nziza kandi irwanya ruswa kandi irwanya ruswa.

    304 ibikoresho byumuyoboro wibyuma bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa muri acide ya nitric munsi yubushyuhe butetse hamwe nubushakashatsi65%.Ifite kandi ruswa irwanya ruswa ya alkali hamwe na aside nyinshi kama na organic organique.Ubwoko bw'icyuma kinini gishobora kurwanya ruswa mu kirere cyangwa mu miti ya ruswa.Ibyuma bitagira umwanda ni ubwoko bwibyuma bifite ubuso bwiza kandi birwanya ruswa.Ntabwo ikeneye kwivuza hejuru nko gusiga amabara, ariko itanga umukino wuzuye kubiranga imiterere yibyuma bitagira umwanda.Ikoreshwa mubice byinshi byibyuma, mubisanzwe byitwa ibyuma bidafite ingese.Ibyuma binini cyane nka chromium 13 na 18-8 chromium-nikel ibyuma byerekana imitungo.

    Nka cyuma kandi kitarwanya ubushyuhe, umuyoboro wibyuma 304 nibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mubiribwa, ibikoresho rusange byimiti ninganda za atome.

  • 201 umuyoboro w'icyuma

    201 umuyoboro w'icyuma

     

    Uburyo bwo gushyira akamenyetso

     

    201 umuyoboro w'icyuma - S20100 (AISI. ASTM)

     

    Ikigo cy’Abanyamerika Cyuma n’Icyuma gikoresha imibare itatu kugira ngo kigaragaze ibyiciro bitandukanye bisanzwe byoroshye byoroshye.Harimo:

     

    Icyuma cya Austenitike kitagira umuyonga kirangwa na 200 na 300 zikurikirana;

     

    Ibyuma bya ferritic na martensitike bidafite ibyuma bigereranwa nimero 400 yuruhererekane.

     

    Kurugero, ibyuma bimwe na bimwe bya austenitike bitagira umuyonga birangwa na 201, 304, 316 na 310, ibyuma bitagira umuyonga ferritic byanditseho 430 na 446, ibyuma bya martensitike bitagira ibyuma 410, 420 na 440C, hamwe na duplex (austenitis-ferritic). , imvura ikomera ibyuma bitagira umwanda, hamwe nuruvange rwinshi rufite ibyuma bitarenze 50% mubisanzwe byemewe cyangwa byashyizweho ikimenyetso.

     

     

     

    Intego

     

    201 ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bifite ibiranga kurwanya aside, kurwanya alkali, ubwinshi bwinshi kandi nta pinhole.Byakoreshejwe mugukora ibikoresho bitandukanye byujuje ubuziranenge nkurubanza hamwe nigifuniko cyo hasi cyisaha.Umuyoboro w'icyuma 201 ushobora gukoreshwa cyane cyane mu miyoboro ishushanya, umuyoboro w’inganda hamwe n’ibicuruzwa bitarambuye.Ibintu bifatika bya 201 umuyoboro wibyuma

     

    1. Kurambura: 60 kugeza 80%

     

    2. Gukomera cyane: 100000 kugeza 180000 psi

     

    3. Modulike yoroheje: 29000000 psi

     

    4. Gutanga umusaruro: 50000 kugeza 150000 psi

     

    A.Gutegura ibyuma bizunguruka;B. Gushyushya;C. Gutobora gushyushye;D. Gukata umutwe;E. Gutoragura;F. Gusya;G. Amavuta;H. Ubukonje bukonje;I. Gutesha agaciro;J. Umuti wo kuvura ubushyuhe;K. Kugororoka;L. Gukata imiyoboro;M. Gutoranya;N. Kugenzura ibicuruzwa byarangiye.